How perceived crowding changes the interrelationships between perceived value, tourist satisfaction and destination loyalty: The empirical study at World Heritage Site Hoi An
How perceived crowding changes the
interrelationships between perceived value, tourist satisfaction and
destination loyalty: The empirical study at World Heritage Site Hoi An (Quang
Nam, Vietnam)
Long Nguyễn
Thang Long University
Dung Hoàng, Thong Huy Vu
National Economics University
Abstract
After COVID-19,
World Heritage Sites (WHS) like Hoi An have recovered and have quickly been
crowded with tourists worldwide. Perceived crowding, therefore, is a common
topic for research in the field of tourism at WHS. While its direct influences
on tourist post-visit behaviours have been excessively exploited, the
moderating role of perceived crowding at WHS on the interrelationship between
perceived value, tourist satisfaction, and destination loyalty is largely
neglected. The authors of this paper present an integrative research framework
depicting perceived value and tourist satisfaction as two determinants of
destination loyalty. In contrast, perceived crowding can modify the explanatory
power of the first two variables on the last one. The study collects data from
403 tourists who visited Hoi An during peak season through an online
questionnaire. The data was later analysed using AMOS and WarpPLS. The results
validate the significant and positive correlation among perceived value,
customer satisfaction, and destination loyalty. Also, perceived crowding was
mostly confirmed to affect the relationship among these three variables
negatively although the findings are different between the international and
domestic tourist segment. This study sounds the alarm about over-crowdedness at
WHS, thus urging the Destination Management Organization (DMO) to develop
strategies to mitigate the negative impacts closely related to such an issue.
Keywords: Perceived Crowding; World Heritage Site; Tourist Satisfaction;
Destination Loyalty
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