How perceived crowding changes the interrelationships between perceived value, tourist satisfaction and destination loyalty: The empirical study at World Heritage Site Hoi An

 

How perceived crowding changes the interrelationships between perceived value, tourist satisfaction and destination loyalty: The empirical study at World Heritage Site Hoi An (Quang Nam, Vietnam)

Long Nguyễn

Thang Long University


Dung Hoàng, Thong Huy Vu

National Economics University

Abstract

After COVID-19, World Heritage Sites (WHS) like Hoi An have recovered and have quickly been crowded with tourists worldwide. Perceived crowding, therefore, is a common topic for research in the field of tourism at WHS. While its direct influences on tourist post-visit behaviours have been excessively exploited, the moderating role of perceived crowding at WHS on the interrelationship between perceived value, tourist satisfaction, and destination loyalty is largely neglected. The authors of this paper present an integrative research framework depicting perceived value and tourist satisfaction as two determinants of destination loyalty. In contrast, perceived crowding can modify the explanatory power of the first two variables on the last one. The study collects data from 403 tourists who visited Hoi An during peak season through an online questionnaire. The data was later analysed using AMOS and WarpPLS. The results validate the significant and positive correlation among perceived value, customer satisfaction, and destination loyalty. Also, perceived crowding was mostly confirmed to affect the relationship among these three variables negatively although the findings are different between the international and domestic tourist segment. This study sounds the alarm about over-crowdedness at WHS, thus urging the Destination Management Organization (DMO) to develop strategies to mitigate the negative impacts closely related to such an issue.

Keywords: Perceived Crowding; World Heritage Site; Tourist Satisfaction; Destination Loyalty

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